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電子開發電容怎么選,選擇電容需要考慮哪些因素

日(ri)期:2019-05-27 / 人氣: / 來源:189hi.cn

對(dui)電路中電容元件的(de)選用應該考慮以下(xia)幾個(ge)因素:

電子開發電容耐壓選擇

電(dian)(dian)子(zi)產品開發在選用(yong)電(dian)(dian)容時(shi),元件(jian)的耐(nai)壓一定要高于(yu)實際電(dian)(dian)路中的工作(zuo)電(dian)(dian)壓,尤(you)其(qi)值得(de)注意的是電(dian)(dian)子(zi)電(dian)(dian)路中要考慮到可能產生的高壓。

電子開發電容電容量選擇

在(zai)電(dian)子(zi)電(dian)路,電(dian)容量(liang)是根據(ju)某些性能(neng)指標確(que)定(ding)的(de),在(zai)確(que)定(ding)容量(liang)時(shi)要根據(ju)標稱(cheng)系(xi)列選擇。如果通(tong)(tong)過標稱(cheng)系(xi)列找不到該(gai)電(dian)容的(de)容量(liang)數(shu)值,可以(yi)通(tong)(tong)過串并聯的(de)方(fang)法解決或(huo)(huo)通(tong)(tong)過修(xiu)改(gai)設(she)計(ji)方(fang)案中(zhong)(zhong)其他參(can)數(shu)加以(yi)解決。在(zai)更換電(dian)路中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)電(dian)容時(shi)最好選用原(yuan)參(can)數(shu)的(de)電(dian)容或(huo)(huo)性能(neng)指標優于(yu)原(yuan)電(dian)路電(dian)容的(de)元件。

電子開發電容介質選擇

電容(rong)介(jie)質(zhi)不同(tong),其(qi)特性(xing)(xing)差異較大(da),用(yong)途也(ye)不完全相同(tong)。在選用(yong)電容(rong)的(de)介(jie)質(zhi)時,要(yao)首先(xian)了解各介(jie)質(zhi)的(de)特性(xing)(xing),然后確定適用(yong)何(he)種(zhong)場合。下面分別介(jie)紹幾(ji)種(zhong)常用(yong)的(de)固定電容(rong)的(de)使用(yong)。

電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)是以鋁(lv)等(deng)金(jin)屬為(wei)正(zheng)(zheng)極(ji),在(zai)其表(biao)面形成(cheng)一層(ceng)氧(yang)化膜(mo)為(wei)介質,介質與電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)成(cheng)為(wei)不(bu)可分的(de)(de)整(zheng)體;負極(ji)是固體或非固體電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)質。由(you)于(yu)構成(cheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)的(de)(de)兩電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)的(de)(de)材料不(bu)同(tong),因此(ci)它的(de)(de)正(zheng)(zheng)負電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)分別標出,使用時一定(ding)要正(zheng)(zheng)極(ji)端(duan)接(jie)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路的(de)(de)高電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)位(wei),負極(ji)端(duan)接(jie)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路的(de)(de)低(di)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)位(wei),否(fou)則會引起電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)的(de)(de)損壞。按照電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)材料的(de)(de)不(bu)同(tong)有鋁(lv)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)、鉭電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)和鈮電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)等(deng)幾種。

云(yun)母電(dian)容是以云(yun)母片為介質的電(dian)容。它絕緣性(xing)能(neng)好(hao)、損(sun)耗(hao)小、溫度穩(wen)定性(xing)好(hao)、電(dian)容量精確(que)度高(gao)(gao),常用在高(gao)(gao)頻(pin)振蕩電(dian)路中。

瓷(ci)介(jie)電(dian)容(rong)(rong)的(de)介(jie)質是陶瓷(ci),根據(ju)陶瓷(ci)成分不同(tong)可分為高頻(pin)(pin)瓷(ci)介(jie)電(dian)容(rong)(rong)和(he)(he)低頻(pin)(pin)瓷(ci)介(jie)電(dian)容(rong)(rong)兩種(高頻(pin)(pin)的(de)用(yong)CC表(biao)示(shi),低頻(pin)(pin)的(de)用(yong)CT表(biao)示(shi))。高頻(pin)(pin)瓷(ci)介(jie)電(dian)容(rong)(rong)容(rong)(rong)量(liang)在零點幾皮法(fa)(fa)至幾百皮法(fa)(fa)之間。常(chang)使用(yong)于要求損耗小(xiao)、電(dian)容(rong)(rong)量(liang)穩定(ding)的(de)場合和(he)(he)在高頻(pin)(pin)電(dian)路(lu)中作調諧電(dian)容(rong)(rong)、振蕩回路(lu)電(dian)容(rong)(rong)和(he)(he)溫度補償電(dian)容(rong)(rong)。電(dian)容(rong)(rong)耐(nai)壓有 160V、250V和(he)(he) 500V等幾種。容(rong)(rong)量(liang)誤差分為2%、5%、10%和(he)(he)20%幾種。低頻(pin)(pin)瓷(ci)介(jie)電(dian)容(rong)(rong)容(rong)(rong)量(liang)從300pF到22000pF之間,適用(yong)于低頻(pin)(pin)電(dian)路(lu)中。

紙介電(dian)容生產工藝簡單,成本(ben)低,電(dian)壓范圍(wei)較(jiao)寬;缺點(dian)是電(dian)容量不易控制,損耗較(jiao)大,穩定性較(jiao)差(cha),電(dian)感最大,通常不適宜在高頻下(xia)使用。

滌(di)綸(lun)電(dian)(dian)容又叫(jiao)聚酯電(dian)(dian)容。它是以滌(di)綸(lun)薄(bo)膜做介質的(de)電(dian)(dian)容。它可用于各種電(dian)(dian)子儀器儀表,電(dian)(dian)視(shi)機、收錄機的(de)耦合、退耦、旁路(lu)、隔直流等(deng)電(dian)(dian)路(lu)中(zhong)。

聚(ju)苯(ben)乙(yi)烯(xi)電容(rong)(rong)是以聚(ju)苯(ben)乙(yi)烯(xi)薄膜為介(jie)質制成(cheng)的(de)電容(rong)(rong)。聚(ju)苯(ben)乙(yi)烯(xi)電容(rong)(rong)的(de)最大特(te)點是絕緣電阻高。這種電容(rong)(rong)的(de)高頻損耗小,電容(rong)(rong)量穩(wen)定(ding),是目前應用廣泛的(de)一(yi)種電容(rong)(rong),由于其精(jing)度(du)高,在濾波器(qi)及對容(rong)(rong)量要求精(jing)確的(de)電路(lu)中(如電子琴電路(lu))多采用。它的(de)缺點是工(gong)作溫度(du)范圍不寬,上限為+75℃。因此焊(han)接時烙鐵(tie)的(de)接觸時間不宜過長,以免因過熱損壞(huai)薄膜。

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http://189hi.cn/

作者:PCBA加工


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